Informao Demogrfica e Socioeconmica. Excitingly, a viable central region pressure-sensitive adhesive is accessible without any sonication. The materials, equipment, synthetic methods, as well as all processed data generated in this study are provided in the Supplementary Information file. Specifically, using a 2 or 3 step synthetic process, the sodium polyacrylate is converted into a pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA), which has a significant global market (expected to be $13 billion by 2023) (https://www.alliedmarketresearch.com/pressure-sensitive-adhesives-market). %jgm'"RerkS%K8%b-R*$U{[>m /m1Zf%R(tO*Z{| k,o2;6_s1R5]:4]"%DA& iAL (~E$5B=_"d)}5.zMQU3 d &=1,/'d@|u%jB]Lpl[&nVR&B%,Qq[ Instead, we envisioned a 23 step method from crosslinked sodium polyacrylate: (i) acid-catalyzed or base-mediated decrosslinking to generate linear polymers, (ii) optional sonication to lower the molar mass, and (iii) functionalizing via esterification to generate tack (Fig. SAP Certified with fifteen years of SAP development experience in UK and New Zealand. Error bars are derived from an average of two experiments. Governors in that region imposed the most rigorous measures of physical distancing, in direct opposition to recommendations from the President14. Public Health Nutr. Res. Advancing sustainable materials management: 2017 fact sheet. In quest of challenging role Operational excellence in specialty chemicals, pharmaceutical industry demonstrated success extremely reliable, collaborative; 16 + years associated with companies. We argue that, in the case of COVID-19 in Brazil, the rebound will not happen in 2021, and the pre-pandemic trajectory of annual gains in e0 will likely slow down. Ellen MacArthur Foundation. An alternative recycling route known as chemical recycling was developed to address these challenges8,9,10,11. 21, 12181230 (2016). For the base case scenario (absence of COVID-19), we used mortality rates reported in 2019, which we treated as cause-deleted life tables (that is, there were no deaths from COVID-19 in 2019), and applied these to the population at risk to obtain expected deaths in the absence of COVID-19. USA 118, e2014746118 (2021). http://olheparaafome.com.br/VIGISAN_Inseguranca_alimentar.pdf (2021). Sci. Correspondence to Thus, we estimated total deaths in 2021, inclusive of COVID-19 deaths, as \({\,}_nD_x = ({\,}_nK_x - \,_nD_x^{COV})({\,}_n^ \ast M_x) + \,_nD_x^{COV}\), where \({\,}_nD_x\) is the number of deaths estimated to occur in 2021 in the age range x to x + n; \({\,}_nK_x\) is the population at risk in the age range x to x + n; \({\,}_n^ \ast M_x\) are age-specific mortality rates in the absence of COVID-19 (assumed to be 2019 mortality rates); and \({\,}_nD_x^{COV}\) is the number of confirmed COVID-19 deaths. Therefore, efforts to introduce synergy between superabsorbent poly(acrylic acid) recovery and PSA production may provide much-needed demand for diaper recycling end-products, which in-turn may improve environmental performance for both processes on a large scale. Lines represent changes for Brazil. Vilseck, J. Nat. Considering this factor, the optimized conditions involved sonicating a 2.5% w/v solution for 1min to give an Mw ~360kg/mol, and a 5.0% w/v solution for 2min to give a Mw of ~330kg/mol37. 4 0 obj On average, larger declines in e0 and e65 were estimated in the North regions and smaller in the South regions (Fig. Sci. | Saiba mais sobre as conexes, experincia profissional, formao . 58, 13471364 (2020). First, we obtained mid-year population projections for 20182020 and abridged life tables estimated for 20002020 by state, age and sex from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatstica, or IBGE, in Portuguese) (https://www.ibge.gov.br/en/statistics/social/population/18176-population-projection.html). Internet Explorer). Innovation Place, CONNECTING )fdg{ca8L[2!/5\r>yGFB]Jd0EH|-v6fmxtlv^{@-0x@oOXLx1)&f@4M6"S6,+I"zvM7AC ~z:Wy{wF3JkGZpd\ _] 7N8cPi} The authors declare no other competing interests. % endobj Lett. 2 Topics under the 2021 call 1. Expected Impact . Recycling methods that utilize these waste polymers could attenuate their environmental impact. To probe the role of both solvent and substrate hydrophobicity, we used two different substrates (acetic versus undecanoic acid) and solvents (ethanol versus 2-ethylhexanol). Smith, D. W. & Bradshaw, B. S. Variation in life expectancy during the twentieth century in the United States. Genomics and epidemiology of a novel SARS-CoV-2 lineage in Manaus, Brazil. La Commissione europea ha pubblicato i primi bandi del programma LIFE 2021-2027 per l'ambiente, il clima e l'energia. LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT Nature & Biodiversity - Standard Action Projects (SAP) LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-GOV Nature Governance 19 , 2021 Death rates from non-COVID-19 causes in 2020 likely changed between 2019 and 2020, decreasing for some causes (for example, from reduced exposure to other infections) and increasing in others (for example, from delayed or foregone healthcare or overburdening of the healthcare system). Correspondence to The authors declare no competing financial interests. stream Prod. This was the case with the 1918 influenza pandemic in the United States, when e0 in 1919 was higher than in 1917, likely due, in part, to selective mortality of individuals with tuberculosis19. <> %PDF-1.7 239, 255261 (2019). x\[s8~w! Larger relative femalemale gaps were estimated for e65an increase of 16.3% in 2020 in Brazil and a 107% increase in 2020 in Amap. & Garenne, M. The 1918 influenza epidemics effects on sex differentials in mortality in the United States. 5, 501516 (2020). (Carl Hanser Verlag 2012). COVID-19 exacerbated inequality, exposing the most vulnerable to food insecurity and severe hunger38,39. 48, 21812190 (2015). Tang, H., Luan, Y., Yang, L. & Sun, H. A perspective on reversibility in controlled polymerization systems: recent progress and new opportunities. Prod. Polym. 6-month consequences of COVID-19 in patients discharged from hospital: a cohort study. Rev. 44, 11491154 (1979). Teikti paraik ia. D.I.C., M.I.J., and E.N.G.M. 127, 289301 (2016). Nat Commun 12, 4524 (2021). To access more than one type of pressure-sensitive adhesive, we needed a method to shorten the linear polymers obtained after the decrosslinking step. Although durability and strength are advantages of synthetic polymers, these properties are also responsible for their environmental persistence4,5,6. Here, we assumed that individuals who did not die of COVID-19 in the first 4 months of 2021 would be subject to the 2019 age group-specific and sex-specific mortality rates. As of 9 June 2021, COVID-19 has officially claimed more than 3.7 million lives worldwide, 48% of which were in the Americas. Chubarova, E. V., Melenevskaya, E. Y. Rev. The synthetic polymer community created these impactful materials, and now, we must turn our attention towards technologies that facilitate their collection and recycling, to create a circular economy that is more sustainable7. For 2019 and 2020, our estimates include deaths from all causes registered in the Mortality Information System. 39, 2737 (2020). We found that the faster the speed at which COVID-19 spread across municipalities (a lower locational Hoover Index), the larger the changes in e0 (Pearson correlation=0.724, P<0.001). Proc. 1a, Supplementary Table 1 and Methods), with a larger drop for males (1.57 years) than females (0.95 years). To calculate person-years for 2020, we first interpolated population projections, assuming exponential growth by age, sex and state, for the first day of each month in 2020. CAS Given a growing emphasis on sustainability within the polymer industry, including calls to increase the circularity of polymer production12, this LCA provides an important metric for evaluating approaches to polymer recycling. 100th Anniversary of macromolecular science viewpoint: redefining sustainable polymers. Overall health conditions of individuals with diabetes worsened in 2020 due to reduced physical activity, postponement of medical appointments and interruption in regular drug treatment31. Thank you for visiting nature.com. Peer review information Nature Medicine thanks Pedro Hallal, Usama Bilal and Vladimir Canudas Romo for their contribution to the peer review of this work. Plots of weight-average molar mass (Mw) versus time and maximum specific energy (wmax) for sonicating PAAP&G at a 2.5% w/v and b 5.0% w/v. Chem. Degrad. In Ullmans Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. To circumvent these challenges, the water by-product can be selectively removed via azeotropic distillation, or a large excess of alcohol can be employed44,45. This result suggests that most crosslinks had been hydrolyzed within 15h (Supplementary Fig. Depolymerization of polymers. Rochman, C. M. Microplastics research-from sink to source. 32, 290299 (2016). Lancet 396, 367368 (2020). LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-NATURE Nature and Biodiversity SMART OUTCOME-BASED projects based on Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, and Time-Bound objectives for the implementation of EU Nature and Biodiversity legislation or Targets of the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 2. J. Mol. Chem. It is also the case that the difference in life expectancy between 2019 and 2020 could encompass secular changes unrelated to the pandemic. Manag. 1). Google Scholar. A 245, 132140 (2006). Recording of LIFE Infoday session(edition Call 2021- content valid also for call 2022) Hayes, R. L., Armacost, K. A., Vilseck, J. In contrast, few studies have examined recycling of the sodium polyacrylate superabsorbent polymers. State acronyms by region: North: AC=Acre, AP=Amap, AM=Amazonas, PA=Par, RO=Rondnia, RR=Roraima and TO=Tocantins; Northeast: AL=Alagoas, BA=Bahia, CE=Cear, MA=Maranho, PB=Paraba, PE=Pernambuco, PI=Piau, RN=Rio Grande do Norte and SE=Sergipe; Center-West: DF=Distrito Federal, GO=Gois, MT=Mato Grosso and MS=Mato Grosso do Sul; Southeast: ES=Esprito Santo, MG=Minas Gerais, RJ=Rio de Janeiro and SP=So Paulo; South: PR=Paran, RS=Rio Grande do Sul and SC=Santa Catarina. ACS Macro Lett. Brasil, Grandes Regies e Unidades da Federao 2010. in Estudos e Pesquisas. Experimentally, a plateau is observed in the plot of weight-average molar mass (Mw) versus sonication time. Chang, E. P. Viscoelastic windows of pressure-sensitive adhesives. XWPH.c0vyT0GA&AEO_18Py7%ZN&d"h%I.[Al} xlTBbp~VXaUL|y17 We calculated nRx, the age-specific and sex-specific ratio of deaths from all causes other than COVID-19 to deaths inclusive of COVID-19. john deere quick hitch. On the final day of the Team Girls Cup, I went for a morning trip to Surfers Paradise for a swim and quality time with the family. The actual death toll is likely to be higher due to deficient surveillance, limited testing that prevented proper diagnosis, issues of compliance with protocols for reporting a suspected COVID-19 death and location of the death (for example, at home)1,2. Presentation(edition Call 2021- content valid also for call 2022), European Climate Infrastructure and Environment Executive Agency, This site is managed by the European Climate, Infrastructure and Environment Executive Agency, LIFE-2022-SAP-NAT Nature and Biodiversity - Standard Action Projects (SAP), Follow the European Commission on social media, Programme for the Environment and Climate Action (LIFE), European Climate, Infrastructure and Environment Executive Agency, LIFE - Support for applicants (europa.eu). After more than 195,000 lives were reported to have been lost in 2020 to COVID-19, no policy changes have appeared in 2021. Clean. I tried to learn Python before,. Noymer, A. The estimated setback for e65 was overwhelming, equalling values last observed as far back as the early 2000s in most states in the North region and before 2000 in Amazonas, Par and Gois. <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 595.32 841.92] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Marcia C. Castro,Susie Gurzenda&Sun Kim, Demography Department, Cedeplar, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Office of Population Research and Princeton School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA, You can also search for this author in Fundao Oswaldo Cruz. A life cycle assessment was used to compare the routes that involved (i) no sonication, (ii) sonication for 1min (2.5% w/v) and (iii) sonication for 2min (5.0% w/v), including the workup steps, and will be described in more detail below. Super absorbent polymer recycling to pressure sensitive adhesives. Changes in e0 can reflect differences in expected longevity between two periods, such as before versus during a pandemic. T.A. Sci. These records, aggregated at the state level, are publicly available by date on the website (https://brasil.io/covid19/). 1 0 obj In any recycling effort, it is essential that a life cycle assessment27 is performed to determine the energy and environmental costs. At present, the environmental benefits of diaper recycling (including superabsorbent poly(acrylic acid) recovery) are dependent on the avoided material burdens52. The Guardian. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the articles Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. ANDS with Nectar and RDS have a vision in 2018-19 to create the Australian Research Data Cloud - "an integrated data-intensive infrastructure system, incorporating physical infrastructure, policies, data, software, tools and support for researchers." Bystryak, S., Santockyte, R. & Peshkovsky, A. S. Cell disruption of S. cerevisiae by scalable high-intensity ultrasound. Sonochem. Codice fiscale e Partita Iva 10125211002 . Liang, L. et al. In addition, D.I.C. Science 371, 288292 (2021). J. Appl. Super absorbent polymer (SAP) marketGlobal industry analysis, size and forecast. McNeill, I. C. & Sadeghi, S. M. T. Thermal stability and degradation mechanisms of poly(acrylic acid) and its salts: Part 1-poly(acrylic acid). Life Cycle Assess. Polym. For all intervals except ages 01, 15 and 90+, the interval length n is 5 years wide. M.C.C., N.G., C.M.T. Glacial acrylic acid (GAA), methyl acrylate (MA), ethyl acrylate (EA), n-butyl acrylate (BA) and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (2-EHA). https://www.vitalstrategies.org/resources/excess-mortality-in-brazil-a-detailed-description-of-trends-in-mortality-during-the-covid-19-pandemic/ (2020). Khoo, S. C. et al. Castro, M. C. et al. For e65, the decline in 2021 was estimated at 1.05 years for both sexes (Fig. PubMedGoogle Scholar. The Guardian. In Amazonas, male e65 was estimated to decline by 20% from 2019 to 2020. endobj Reaction conditions and yields for acid-catalyzed esterification of poly(acrylic acid), acetic acid, and undecanoic acid. California, United States. Spatiotemporal pattern of COVID-19 spread in Brazil. While catalytic depolymerization methods20 can, in principle, proceed without side-chain degradation, they have not yet been demonstrated for commercial sources of polyacrylic acid. interpreted the data. Health 7, e1575e1583 (2019). A life cycle assessment demonstrates that the adhesives synthesized via this approach outcompete the same materials derived from petroleum feedstocks on nearly every metric, including carbon dioxide emissions and cumulative energy demand. Rede PENSSAN. Rio Grande do Sul, in the South, was the only state with an estimated increase in e0 from 2019 to 2020 for both sexes (0.07 years) but a decline for males of 0.11 years. a, Change (in years) in the femalemale gap in e0 and e65 based on the difference from life tables calculated for 2019 and 2020 by state and sex. Most consumer PSA-based products are found in either quadrant 3 or the central region (e.g., office tape, sticky notes, bandages, and removable labels), which is signified by low-to-medium G and G. LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-GOV - Nature Governance LIFE-2021-CET-LOCAL - Technical support to clean energy transition plans and strategies in municipalities and regions LIFE-2021-CET-PDA - Disruptive PDA - Technical Assistance to advance market boundaries for sustainable energy investments We approximated the population at risk in 2021 by interpolating IBGE population projections to the mid-analysis period (1 March 2021). For both DT20 and DT19, after estimating the ratio of non-COVID-19 deaths to all-cause deaths, we then used this ratio to estimate the counterfactual life tables in which COVID-19 was eliminated and COVID-19 was included, respectively. Picture: Matt Roberts/Getty Images. If you find something abusive or that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate. Chem. Fig. J. Macromol. %PDF-1.7 In both cases, the nonamers were solvated in a 3:1 butanol/water mixture to mimic the most challenging esterification conditions. The lack of a coordinated, prompt and equitable response informed by science, as well as the promotion of disinformation, have been the hallmark of the current administration27. Effect of economic recession and impact of health and social protection expenditures on adult mortality: a longitudinal analysis of 5565 Brazilian municipalities. Our results point to an overall widening of the femalemale gap in e0 of 0.6 years in Brazil (9.1% increase). First, differences in these period life expectancies capture both direct and indirect mortality effects of COVID-19 in 2020. J. Environ. Article Manaus, the capital of Amazonas, observed a very high attack rate after the first wave of the pandemic in 2020 (ref. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jan/14/brazil-manaus-amazonas-covid-coronavirus (2021). 123, 116129 (2019). We performed all demographic analyses in Microsoft Excel version 16.44 and data cleaning and processing in Stata version 15.1 (Stata Corporation) and R version 4.0.0 (2020). Previous studies used this approach to estimate life tables in the presence of COVID-19 (refs. EUROPE FACILITY. Public Health 17, 4322 (2020). Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Self-wetting adhesive composition. Sodium polyacrylate-based superabsorbent materials used in disposable diapers and feminine hygiene products have been challenging to recycle through either open- or closed-loop processes. The new plastics economy: rethinking the future of plastics & catalyzing action. The ecoinvent database version 3 (part I): overview and methodology. ^c2/rML[,[gs] That is, the PSAs are soft enough to flow and wet a substrate at the bonding frequency, while hard enough to hold onto a substrate, and peel cleanly at the debonding frequency. ACS Sustain. & van der Schaar, M. Ethnic and regional variations in hospital mortality from COVID-19 in Brazil: a cross-sectional observational study. Hogan, A. et al. . 1c), broadly mirroring the patterns across states (Fig. Chem. (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2003). Strong business development professional with a PhD focused in Teaching Engineering with Games from Universidade de So Paulo. We also used these period life tables to calculate the femalemale gap in e0 and e65 (Supplementary Table 7); the difference between the highest and lowest state life expectancies; the loss due to COVID-19 relative to increases in e0 and e65 (by sex and state) over the past two decades (20002020) (Supplementary Tables 8 and 9); and the setback in life expectancy due to COVID-19 identified by the years when the life expectancies estimated for 2020 and 2021 were last observed (Supplementary Table 10). (Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co, Weinheim, 2020). SAP GUI Scripting Security Guide. Revista de Administrao Pblica 54, 678696 (2020). Bjrn, A., Owsianiak, M., Molin, C. & Laurent, A. in Life Cycle Assessment: Theory and Practice; (eds) Hauschild, M. Z., Rosenbaum, R. K., Olsen, S. I. S3). Lotta, G., Wenham, C., Nunes, J. An accomplished and highly motivated senior ABAP Developer. Missed childhood immunizations during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil: analyses of routine statistics and of a national household survey. We offer five reasons as to why. An international comparison of age and sex dependency of COVID-19 deaths in 2020: a descriptive analysis, A population-based cohort study of socio-demographic risk factors for COVID-19 deaths in Sweden, Years of life lost to COVID-19 in 81 countries, Age-Period-Cohort Analysis of HIV Mortality in China: Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016, Disease and healthcare burden of COVID-19 in the United States, Impact of COVID-19 on older adults and role of long-term care facilities during early stages of epidemic in Italy, Global ecological analysis of COVID-19 mortality and comparison between the East and the West, Short- and medium-term impacts of strict anti-contagion policies on non-COVID-19 mortality in China, Age-specific mortality and immunity patterns of SARS-CoV-2, https://www.ibge.gov.br/en/statistics/social/population/18176-population-projection.html, https://opendatasus.saude.gov.br/nl/dataset, https://github.com/mcastrolab/Brazil-Covid19-e0-change/tree/main/data, https://github.com/mcastrolab/Brazil-Covid19-e0-change/tree/main/code, https://www.vitalstrategies.org/resources/excess-mortality-in-brazil-a-detailed-description-of-trends-in-mortality-during-the-covid-19-pandemic/, https://www.ssc.wisc.edu/cdha/latinmortality/wp-content/uploads/book_Ch2.pdf, https://biblioteca.ibge.gov.br/index.php/biblioteca-catalogo?id=297884&view=detalhes, https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.02.21252772, https://portal.fiocruz.br/sites/portal.fiocruz.br/files/documentos/boletim_covid_2021_extraordinario_maio.pdf, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jan/14/brazil-manaus-amazonas-covid-coronavirus, https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.02.26.21252554v1, http://www.genomahcov.fiocruz.br/tabela-de-dados/, https://virological.org/t/first-reported-cases-of-sars-cov-2-sub-lineage-b-1-617-2-in-brazil-an-outbreak-in-a-ship-and-alert-for-spread/706, https://doi.org/10.1053/j.seminoncol.2020.12.002, https://www.ipea.gov.br/portal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=37022&Itemid=448, https://blogdoibre.fgv.br/posts/auxilio-emergencial-faz-pobreza-cair-em-plena-pandemia, http://olheparaafome.com.br/VIGISAN_Inseguranca_alimentar.pdf, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/apr/27/brazil-begins-parliamentary-inquiry-into-bolsonaros-covid-response, Correlation between human development index and its components with COVID-19 indices: a global level ecologic study, Coronavirus disease-related in-hospital mortality: a cohort study in a private healthcare network in Brazil, The 90 plus: longevity and COVID-19 survival, Years of life lost during the Covid-19 pandemic in Sweden considering variation in life expectancy by level of geriatric care. c, Bivariate choropleth map of the estimated change in e0 and e65 in 2020 based on the difference from life tables calculated for 2019 and 2020 by state. As with 2020, for both e0 and e65, the lowest declines in 2021 were concentrated in the Northeast, whereas the South, which had relatively smaller declines in 2020, is estimated to have a much greater loss in 2021. J. Google Scholar. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-021-01437-z, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-021-01437-z. Reaction conditions for base-mediated and acid-catalyzed decrosslinking reactions with LCA comparison. J. Marques, N. P. et al. As of 29 May 2021, the number of COVID-19 deaths in Brazil was 137% of those reported in 2020; in Amazonas, for every COVID-19 death in 2020, there have been 1.5 deaths in 2021. Preprint at medRxiv https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.02.21252772 (2021). Chang noted that most existing PSAs appear between the G and G bounds of 103 and 106 Pascals (Pa) at the aforementioned bounding frequencies, and can be grouped into the quadrants (and central region) highlighted in Fig. Estimates are presented by sex and state, and we measured and compared changes across states and in femalemale gaps in life expectancy. Inqurito Nacional sobre Insegurana Alimentar no Contexto da Pandemia da Covid-19 no Brasil. Med. Health 8, E1018E1026 (2020). CAS IBGE. Similarly, given the higher risk of dying from COVID-19 at older ages5, the death toll can be measured by e65, defined as the average number of years that a 65-year-old person would be expected to live if subject to the underlying mortality rates for ages 65 and above in a specific year. THIS GRANT IS CURRENTLY CLOSED. JRSvk] DT19 and DT20 assess the effect of including and excluding, respectively, only deaths for which COVID-19 was listed as the underlying cause on the death certificate. "Climate action". )x"VzdHd&Ffb7kR KK i$M{;* af082!yvy!U"D)|Nei^*|C$Q,Ss$e*jX^/17E`i{dTS7EphB/jd- . Palloni, A., Pinto, G. & Beltrn-Snchez, H. Two centuries of mortality decline in Latin America: from hunger to longevity. Z., Sohail, N., Hayes, R. L. & Brooks, C. L. Overcoming challenging substituent perturbations with multisite -dynamics: A case study targeting -secretase 1. https://www.ssc.wisc.edu/cdha/latinmortality/wp-content/uploads/book_Ch2.pdf (2015). Managed the strategic partnerships with: Microsoft, Nokia, and NavTech. Fagnani, D. E. et al. performed all wet-lab experimental work under the guidance of A.J.M. LIFE 2021 - 2027 Webinar . To do this, we multiplied the age group-specific and sex-specific mortality rates from 2019 from each state by the corresponding projected population for March 2021. e65 declined by a larger percentage for males than females in all states, reflecting mens higher risks of dying from COVID-19 (ref. 88, 5670 (2019). We showed that a largely unmitigated pandemic, in a context of local inequalities, resulted in a high and unequal mortality burden. Applicants wishing to apply for more than one topic, must submit a separate proposal under each topic. https://blogdoibre.fgv.br/posts/auxilio-emergencial-faz-pobreza-cair-em-plena-pandemia (2020). 1 0 obj R. Soc. Given multiple AIG Prestige, AIG EVP Quest and Citi E-Thank You awards for exceeding process target and providing continued assistance to the team.<br><br>SKILLS <br> Experienced in Master Data .